A: Usually, there is a serial port on the back of a UPS that can be used to connect it to just about any computer. Sometimes these connections are null-modem, sometimes they're not. The UPS sends information along the serial line as it goes. If you can decode which pins contain which information, how the information is formatted and figure out what it wants to hear from the computer side, you're all set.
Here is a skeleton script that outlines a very simple UPS interface provided by Joe Moss, joe_AT_morton.rain.com. Definitely check this out as a starting point, but don't expect it to do anything meaningful without some work.
#! /bin/sh
# Shut down system in case of extended power failure
# This should be the serial port to which the UPS is connected
# This port must be set to block on open until the DCD line
# is asserted - many UNIX systems have this determined by
# the minor device number, if not, see if there is some way
# to enable this behavior on your system
PORT=/dev/ttya
# Ok, this should block until there is a power failure
: > $PORT
# If we reach this point, we've lost power
wall << EOF
The sky is falling!! The sky is falling!!
EOF
# call shutdown (or init or whatever)
exec shutdown
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